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'''Brussels Sprouts''' Brussels sprouts (''Brassica oleracea'' var. ''gemmifera'') are a cruciferous vegetable in the family ''[[Brassicaceae]]''. They are known for their edible buds, which resemble miniature cabbages and grow along the stem of the plant. Brussels sprouts are believed to have originated in Belgium but are now cultivated worldwide. == Starting Brussels Sprouts Plants == To start Brussels sprouts plants: #Start seeds indoors 4-6 weeks before the [[last frost date]] in your area #Sow seeds 1/4 to 1/2 inch deep in seed starting trays or pots filled with seed starting mix #Keep soil moist but not soggy and maintain a temperature of 65-75°F (18-24°C) #Provide plenty of light, using grow lights if necessary #Harden off seedlings and transplant outdoors 2-4 weeks before the last frost date, when they have 4-5 true leaves Brussels sprouts can also be direct-seeded outdoors 4-6 weeks before the last frost date for a fall harvest. == Harvesting Brussels Sprouts == Brussels sprouts are typically ready to harvest 80-130 days after transplanting, depending on the variety. To harvest: *Begin harvesting when the sprouts are about 1-2 inches in diameter *Start from the bottom of the plant and work your way up *Twist or snap off the sprouts, or cut them off with a sharp knife *Continue harvesting as the sprouts mature, removing any yellowing leaves to promote growth *Brussels sprouts plants will continue to produce sprouts for several weeks, and the flavor improves after exposure to light frost. == Saving Brussels Sprouts Seeds == To save seeds from Brussels sprouts: #Allow the plant to flower and produce seed pods #Wait for the seed pods to turn brown and dry on the plant #Cut the seed pods from the plant and place them in a paper bag #Allow the pods to dry completely indoors for 1-2 weeks #Crush the pods to release the seeds #Store dried seeds in an airtight container in a cool, dry place == Common Brussels Sprouts Varieties == Some commonly grown Brussels sprouts varieties include: *[[Long Island Improved|Long Island Improved]]: Heirloom variety with medium-sized, tightly packed sprouts; good for fall crops *[[Diablo|Diablo]]: Hybrid variety with medium-sized, dark green sprouts; resists powdery mildew *[[Falstaff|Falstaff]]: Hybrid variety with large, red-purple sprouts; colorful addition to dishes *[[Catskill|Catskill]]: Open-pollinated variety with large, green sprouts; good for freezing and storage == Uses as Food == Brussels sprouts are a nutritious and flavorful vegetable that can be prepared in various ways: *Roasted or grilled with olive oil and seasoning for a crispy texture *Steamed, boiled, or stir-fried as a side dish *Shredded raw for salads or slaws *Added to soups, stews, casseroles, and pasta dishes *Sautéed with bacon, garlic, or other flavorful ingredients *Brussels sprouts are known for their high nutritional value, being rich in [[Vitamin C|vitamin C]], [[Vitamin K|vitamin K]], [[Folate|folate]], and [[Fiber|fiber]]. They also contain [[Glucosinolates|glucosinolates]] and [[Sulforaphane|sulforaphane]], which may have potential health benefits.
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