Barramundi

Raising Barramundi in Aquaponics or Small Aquaculture Systems

Barramundi (Lates calcarifer), also known as Asian sea bass, is a popular fish species for aquaponics and small aquaculture systems. They are valued for their fast growth, good feed conversion ratio, and delicious white flesh. This article provides information on raising barramundi in these systems, including their hardiness, feeding requirements, breeding in captivity, and food preservation recipes.

Hardiness

Barramundi are hardy fish that can tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions. They can survive in temperatures ranging from 61°F to 95°F (16°C to 35°C), with optimal growth occurring between 77°F and 86°F (25°C and 30°C). Barramundi can also adapt to various salinity levels, from freshwater to full seawater, making them suitable for both freshwater and saltwater aquaponics systems. They require a pH range of 7.5 to 8.3 and dissolved oxygen levels above 4 mg/L for optimal growth and health.

Feeding

Barramundi are carnivorous and require a high-protein diet. In aquaponics systems, they are typically fed commercial pelleted feeds designed for carnivorous fish, with a protein content of 40-50%. Feed should be provided 2-3 times daily, and the amount should be adjusted based on the fish's size and water temperature. Barramundi can also be fed live or frozen foods, such as fish, shrimp, or insects, as a supplementary diet to enhance their growth and flavor.

Breeding in Captivity

Breeding barramundi in captivity requires specific environmental conditions and hormonal manipulation. Barramundi are protandrous hermaphrodites, meaning they start their life as males and later transform into females. To encourage breeding, maintain a ratio of 1 male to 1 female in a separate breeding tank with a temperature range of 77°F to 86°F (25°C to 30°C) and a salinity level of 30-35 ppt. Hormonal implants or injections may be necessary to induce spawning. Once the eggs are fertilized, they can be collected and incubated in separate tanks until hatching.

Food Preservation Recipes

Barramundi can be preserved using various methods, such as freezing, canning, and smoking. Here are a few simple recipes:

Frozen Barramundi

1. Clean and fillet the barramundi.
2. Place the fillets in a freezer-safe container or bag.
3. Remove as much air as possible and seal the container or bag.
4. Label with the date and store in the freezer for up to 6 months.

Canned Barramundi

1. Clean and fillet the barramundi.
2. Pack the fillets into sterilized canning jars, leaving 1 inch of headspace.
3. Add 1 tsp of salt per pint jar, if desired.
4. Fill the jars with boiling water, maintaining 1 inch of headspace.
5. Remove air bubbles, wipe the jar rims, and apply the lids and rings.
6. Process the jars in a pressure canner at 10 PSI for 100 minutes (for pint jars).

Smoked Barramundi

1. Clean and fillet the barramundi.
2. Brine the fillets in a solution of 1/4 cup salt and 1/4 cup brown sugar per quart of water for 30 minutes.
3. Remove the fillets from the brine and pat dry.
4. Smoke the fillets in a smoker at 165°F (74°C) for 2-3 hours or until the internal temperature reaches 145°F (63°C).

By following these guidelines and recipes, you can successfully raise and utilize barramundi in your aquaponics or small aquaculture system, taking advantage of their adaptability and delicious flavor.